python實現掃雷游戲的示例

掃雷是一款益智類小游戲，最早于 1992 年由微軟在 Windows 上發行，游戲適合于全年齡段，規則簡單，即在最短的時間內找出所有非雷格子且在中間過程中不能踩到雷， 踩到雷則失敗，需重新開始。

本文我們使用 Python 來實現掃雷游戲，主要用的 Python 庫是 pygame。

實現

游戲組成比較簡單，主要包括：小方格、計時器、地雷等。

首先，我們初始化一些常量，比如：橫豎方塊數、地雷數、鼠標點擊情況等，如下所示：

BLOCK_WIDTH = 30BLOCK_HEIGHT = 16# 塊大小SIZE = 20# 地雷數MINE_COUNT = 66# 未點擊normal = 1# 已點擊opened = 2# 地雷mine = 3# 標記為地雷flag = 4# 標記為問號ask = 5# 踩中地雷bomb = 6# 被雙擊的周圍hint = 7# 正被鼠標左右鍵雙擊double = 8readied = 1,started = 2,over = 3,win = 4

接著定義一個地雷類，類中定義一些基本屬性（如：坐標、狀態等）及 get、set 方法，代碼實現如下：

class Mine: def __init__(self, x, y, value=0): self._x = x self._y = y self._value = 0 self._around_mine_count = -1 self._status = normal self.set_value(value) def __repr__(self): return str(self._value) def get_x(self): return self._x def set_x(self, x): self._x = x x = property(fget=get_x, fset=set_x) def get_y(self): return self._y def set_y(self, y): self._y = y y = property(fget=get_y, fset=set_y) def get_value(self): return self._value def set_value(self, value): if value: self._value = 1 else: self._value = 0 value = property(fget=get_value, fset=set_value, doc=’0:非地雷 1:雷’) def get_around_mine_count(self): return self._around_mine_count def set_around_mine_count(self, around_mine_count): self._around_mine_count = around_mine_count around_mine_count = property(fget=get_around_mine_count, fset=set_around_mine_count, doc=’四周地雷數量’) def get_status(self): return self._status def set_status(self, value): self._status = value status = property(fget=get_status, fset=set_status, doc=’BlockStatus’)

再接著定義一個 MineBlock 類，用來處理掃雷的基本邏輯，代碼實現如下：

class MineBlock: def __init__(self): self._block = [[Mine(i, j) for i in range(BLOCK_WIDTH)] for j in range(BLOCK_HEIGHT)] # 埋雷 for i in random.sample(range(BLOCK_WIDTH * BLOCK_HEIGHT), MINE_COUNT): self._block[i // BLOCK_WIDTH][i % BLOCK_WIDTH].value = 1 def get_block(self): return self._block block = property(fget=get_block) def getmine(self, x, y): return self._block[y][x] def open_mine(self, x, y): # 踩到雷了 if self._block[y][x].value: self._block[y][x].status = bomb return False # 先把狀態改為 opened self._block[y][x].status = opened around = _get_around(x, y) _sum = 0 for i, j in around: if self._block[j][i].value: _sum += 1 self._block[y][x].around_mine_count = _sum # 如果周圍沒有雷，那么將周圍 8 個未中未點開的遞歸算一遍 if _sum == 0: for i, j in around: if self._block[j][i].around_mine_count == -1: self.open_mine(i, j) return True def double_mouse_button_down(self, x, y): if self._block[y][x].around_mine_count == 0: return True self._block[y][x].status = double around = _get_around(x, y) # 周圍被標記的雷數量 sumflag = 0 for i, j in _get_around(x, y): if self._block[j][i].status == flag: sumflag += 1 # 周邊的雷已經全部被標記 result = True if sumflag == self._block[y][x].around_mine_count: for i, j in around: if self._block[j][i].status == normal: if not self.open_mine(i, j): result = False else: for i, j in around: if self._block[j][i].status == normal: self._block[j][i].status = hint return result def double_mouse_button_up(self, x, y): self._block[y][x].status = opened for i, j in _get_around(x, y): if self._block[j][i].status == hint: self._block[j][i].status = normal

我們接下來初始化界面，首先生成由小方格組成的面板，主要代碼實現如下

for row in block.block:for mine in row:pos = (mine.x * SIZE, (mine.y + 2) * SIZE)if mine.status == opened:screen.blit(img_dict[mine.around_mine_count], pos)opened_count += 1elif mine.status == double:screen.blit(img_dict[mine.around_mine_count], pos)elif mine.status == bomb:screen.blit(img_blood, pos)elif mine.status == flag:screen.blit(img_flag, pos)flag_count += 1elif mine.status == ask:screen.blit(img_ask, pos)elif mine.status == hint:screen.blit(img0, pos)elif game_status == over and mine.value:screen.blit(img_mine, pos)elif mine.value == 0 and mine.status == flag:screen.blit(img_error, pos)elif mine.status == normal:screen.blit(img_blank, pos)

看一下效果：

再接著添加面板的 head 部分，包括：顯示雷數、重新開始按鈕（笑臉）、顯示耗時，主要代碼實現如下：

print_text(screen, font1, 30, (SIZE * 2 - fheight) // 2 - 2, ’%02d’ % (MINE_COUNT - flag_count), red)if game_status == started:elapsed_time = int(time.time() - start_time)print_text(screen, font1, SCREEN_WIDTH - fwidth - 30, (SIZE * 2 - fheight) // 2 - 2, ’%03d’ % elapsed_time, red)if flag_count + opened_count == BLOCK_WIDTH * BLOCK_HEIGHT:game_status = winif game_status == over:screen.blit(img_face_fail, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))elif game_status == win:screen.blit(img_face_success, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))else:screen.blit(img_face_normal, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))

看一下效果：

再接著添加各種點擊事件，代碼實現如下：

for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == QUIT:sys.exit()elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:mouse_x, mouse_y = event.posx = mouse_x // SIZEy = mouse_y // SIZE - 2b1, b2, b3 = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()if game_status == started:# 鼠標左右鍵同時按下，如果已經標記了所有雷，則打開周圍一圈；如果還未標記完所有雷，則有一個周圍一圈被同時按下的效果if b1 and b3:mine = block.getmine(x, y)if mine.status == opened:if not block.double_mouse_button_down(x, y):game_status = overelif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:if y < 0:if face_pos_x <= mouse_x <= face_pos_x + face_size and face_pos_y <= mouse_y <= face_pos_y + face_size:game_status = readiedblock = MineBlock()start_time = time.time()elapsed_time = 0continueif game_status == readied:game_status = startedstart_time = time.time()elapsed_time = 0if game_status == started:mine = block.getmine(x, y)# 按鼠標左鍵if b1 and not b3:if mine.status == normal:if not block.open_mine(x, y):game_status = over# 按鼠標右鍵elif not b1 and b3:if mine.status == normal:mine.status = flagelif mine.status == flag:mine.status = askelif mine.status == ask:mine.status = normalelif b1 and b3:if mine.status == double:block.double_mouse_button_up(x, y)

我們來看一下最終實現效果：

總結

本文我們通過 Python 簡單的實現了掃雷游戲，大家有興趣的話，可以實際操作一下，看看自己能否排除全部的雷。

完整代碼

項目地址

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