Linux 和 Windows 共享交換區

1.;前言; 現在,越來越多的人在一臺使用Linux;和;Windows.;這應該說是Linux的勝利.;我們知 道,;Linux;要使用交換分區，; Windows;要使用交換文件。如果一臺PIII,;有192M;內存，我們分配給Linux;192M;交換 區，;Windows;2000;至少要; 200M.;那么，我們要用近400M硬盤空間。如果交換區更大，浪費就更可觀了。; 由于兩個系統的交換區都只是運行時的臨時數據,所以,我們采用動態修改分區信息的方法 來達到共享目的.; 2.;方法簡介; 1).;備份Windows;分區信息。; 2).;當啟動Linux時，;將該分區做成Linux;交換區，并將其激活。; 3）;當Linux;關閉時，將該分區重新變成Windows;交換區。; 3.;具體步驟; 1).;分區; Fdisk,;只分主分區,;不分擴展分區; 2).;安裝;Windows.; 3).;安裝Linux;(占一個主分區); 4).;在Linux;下,;分擴展分區); 5).;設定Linux交換區(假定/dev/hda10); 6).;建立winswap;設備; ln;-s;/dev/hda10;/dev/winswap; 7).;啟動Linux,;關閉交換區; #;swapoff;-a; 8).;從文件安裝表中刪除該分區; vi;/etc/fstab; 注釋掉該行;(/dev/hda10); 9).;將該分區該成;FAT16;或其他;DOS;分區.; 10).;啟動;Windows; a).;格式化該分區; b).;將系統的交換文件設在該分區.; 11).;啟動;Linux,;計算Total;Special;Sectors; 公式:; T;=;r;+;(s;*;f);+;(d;/;16); 參數:; Reserved;Sectors;at;beginning;:;r; FAT;Copies;:;f; Sectors;per;FAT;:;s; Root;directory;entries;:;d; 參見:;msinfo.sh; 注解:;可以運行;msinfo.sh;來獲得.; #;msinfo.sh;/dev/hda10; 12).;備份Windows;分區信息; #;dd;if=/dev/winswap;bs=512;count=XXX;|;gzip;-9;>;/etc/winswap.gz; 這里,;XXX;=;T; 14).;編寫啟動,;退出腳本,;并把它們放在;/etc/rc.d/xxx.; 可用;grep;-nr;*;|;grep;swapon;(或;swapoff);來找系統激活和關閉交換區,;將它們 替換稱我們; 的腳本); 我們在附錄中提供了啟動和關閉的腳本.; 4.;附加說明; 1.;本文使用的是FAT16,;如果使用NTFS;或其它,;必須修改腳本.; 2.;mkswap;/dev/winswap;377496;(這個值需要修改,;依照你的分區大小); 5.;參考資料:; Linux;HOWTO:;Swap-space; 6.;附錄;--;相應的腳本; 1.;msinfo.sh;腳本; #!/bin/sh; #; #;msinfo.sh;This;shell;script;displays;the;boot;sector;of;the; #;given;partition.; #; #;Author:;Rahul;U.;Joshi; #; #;Modifications;Removed;the;use;of;expr;and;replaced;it;by;the;let; #;command.; #;check;for;command;line;arguments; if;[;$#;-ne;1;];;then; echo;'Usage:;msinfo;'; exit;1; fi; #;check;whether;the;input;name;is;a;block;device; if;[;!;-b;$1;];;then; echo;'msinfo:;$1;is;not;a;block;device'; exit;1; fi; #;create;two;temporary;files;for;use; TMPFILE=`mktemp;-q;/tmp/$0.XXXXXX`; if;[;$?;-ne;0;];;then; echo;'msinfo:;Can't;create;temp;file,;exiting...'; exit;1; fi; TXTFILE=`mktemp;-q;/tmp/$0.XXXXXX`; if;[;$?;-ne;0;];;then; echo;'msinfo:;Can't;create;temp;file,;exiting...'; rm;-f;$TMPFILE; exit;1; fi; back_title='`printf;'%78s';'msinfo,;Information;about;FAT16;filesystem;-- Rahul; Joshi'`'; dialog;--title;'Boot;sector;of;$1';--backtitle;'$back_title';--infobox 'nAnalysing;boot;sector;for;$1nPlease;wait;...';14;60; #;truncate;TXTFILE;to;zero;length; echo;>;$TXTFILE; #;get;Formatting;DOS;version; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=8;skip=3;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%sn';'Formatting;DOS;version';'`cat;$TMPFILE`' #;get;file;system; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=8;skip=54;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%sn';'Filesystem';'`cat;$TMPFILE`'; #;check;if;filesystem;in;a;FAT16; if;[;'`cat;$TMPFILE`';!=;'FAT16;';];;then; dialog;--title;'Boot;sector;of;$1';--backtitle;'$back_title';--infobox 'nCan't;find;a;FAT16;filesystem;on;$1';14;60; exit;2; fi; #;get;volume;label;in;boot;sector; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=11;skip=43;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%sn';'Volume;label;in;boot;sector';'`cat $TMPFILE`'; #;get;Sector;size; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=11|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%dn';'Sector;size';`cat;$TMPFILE`; sector_size=`cat;$TMPFILE`; #;get;Reserved;sectors; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=14|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%dn';';Reserved;sectors';`cat;$TMPFILE`; reserved_sectors=`cat;$TMPFILE`; #;get;FAT;sectors; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=1;skip=16|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; fat_count=`cat;$TMPFILE`; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=22|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; sectors_per_fat=`cat;$TMPFILE`; #;calculate;the;no;of;sectors;allocated;for;FAT's; let;fat_sectors=fat_count*sectors_per_fat; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%u;(%u;x;%u);n';'FAT;sectors';'$fat_sectors' '$fat_count';'$sectors_per_fat'; #;get;root;directory;sectors; dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=17|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE; root_sectors=`cat;$TMPFILE`; #;calculate;the;no;of;sectors;allocated;for;root;directory; let;root_sectors=root_sectors*32/sector_size; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%un';'Root;directory;sectors';'$root_sectors'; #;get;Total;special;sectors; let;total=reserved_sectors+fat_sectors+root_sectors; printf;>>$TXTFILE;'%30s;:;%un';'Total;special;sectors';'$total'; #;display;the;information;in;a;message;box; dialog;--title;'Boot;sector;of;$1';--backtitle;'$back_title';--msgbox '`cat;$TXTFILE`';14;60; #;delete;temporary;files; rm;-f;$TMPFILE; rm;-f;$TXTFILE; #;end;of;msinfo.sh; 2.;swapinit.sh; #!/bin/sh; #; #;/etc/rc.d/init.d/swapinit.sh;-;activate;the;swap;partition; #; #;written;by;Rahul;U.;Joshi; #;Verify;and;initialize;swap;space; #; echo;-n;'Verifying;swap;space...;'; loopcount=0; #;flag;to;indicate;whether;the;partition;has;been;activated;or;not; activated=0; #;check;for;signatures;6;times;before;giving;up; while;[;$loopcount;-lt;6;]; do; if;[;'`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=10;skip=4086`';= 'SWAPSPACE2';];;then; echo;'Linux;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount'; echo;'Activating;swap;partitions'; swapon;/dev/winswap; activated=1; break; elif;[;'`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=5;skip=54`';= 'FAT16';];;then; echo;'DOS;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount'; echo;'Making;swap;partition'; mkswap;/dev/winswap;377496; echo;'Activating;swap;partitions'; swapon;/dev/winswap; activated=1; break; else; let;loopcount=loopcount+1; fi; done; if;[;$activated;-ne;1;];;;then; echo;'Swap;signature;not;found;after;$loopcount;tries'; echo;'No;swapping;partitions;activated'; exit;1; fi; 3.;swaphalt.sh; #!/bin/sh; #; #;/etc/rc.d/init.d/swapinit.sh;-;activate;the;swap;partition; #; #;written;by;Rahul;U.;Joshi; #;Verify;and;initialize;swap;space; #; echo;-n;'Verifying;swap;space...;'; loopcount=0; #;flag;to;indicate;whether;the;partition;has;been;activated;or;not; activated=0; #;check;for;signatures;6;times;before;giving;up; while;[;$loopcount;-lt;6;]; do; if;[;'`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=10;skip=4086`';= 'SWAPSPACE2';];;then; echo;'Linux;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount'; echo;'Activating;swap;partitions'; swapon;/dev/winswap; activated=1; break; elif;[;'`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=5;skip=54`';= 'FAT16';];;then; echo;'DOS;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount'; echo;'Making;swap;partition'; mkswap;/dev/winswap;377496; echo;'Activating;swap;partitions'; swapon;/dev/winswap; activated=1; break; else; let;loopcount=loopcount+1; fi; done; if;[;$activated;-ne;1;];;;then; echo;'Swap;signature;not;found;after;$loopcount;tries'; echo;'No;swapping;partitions;activated'; exit;1; fi