WINDOWS2016故障轉移群集(圖文教程)

WIN2016故障轉移群集

準備工作：

主機名

IP

域名

WINA

192.168.0.24

WINA.NET

WINB

192.168.0.25

WINB.NET

WINC

192.168.0.26

WINC.NET

所有主機配置主機信息 修改好主機名IP DNS為本機IP （以單臺主機A為例）

互相ping測試連通性 （以單臺主機A為例）

所有主機安裝角色功能 DNS和故障轉移群集 （以單臺主機A為例）

所有主機配置DNS解析記錄 并測試解析

新建正向查找區域NET

新建反向查找區域

新建正向查找區域記錄 默認已生成本機記錄

新建反向查找記錄 （我們新建正向記錄勾選了PTR指針 默認已經新建了B/C主機的反向記錄） 現在只需新建一條本機的PTR記錄

測試解析

A主機配置故障轉移群集 B/C主機連接到群集 指定虛擬IP192.168.0.88

主機A創建群集TEST

主機B/C連接到群集TEST

主機B（192.168.0.25）

查看群集當前在用主機為哪臺 （網卡應有88IP）

所有主機安裝IIS 80端口為默認網頁 訪問測試

關閉掉在用主機(網卡有88的主機 同時只會有一臺) 查看在用主機被選為了哪臺 192.168.0.88:80是否還可以打開 （使用網絡中其他主機來打開網頁）

關閉掉A主機后 B主機擁有了88IP 網頁依然可以打開

繼續關閉B主機

此時C主機擁有了88IP 網頁依然可以打開

參考：

注：

經后期測試 建議不要將群集所有主機全部宕機 否則會出現問題

進階：

以上內容為群集搭建及群集中某主機宕機后恢復業務的情況

下面記錄一種主機沒有宕機 IIS站點掛掉無法提供服務的情況

新建文本文檔 修改為IIS.vbs 內容如下（虛線內內容） 注意修改網站和應用程序池名稱(默認無需修改)

"<begin script sample>  "This script provides high availability for IIS websites"By default, it monitors the "Default Web Site" and "DefaultAppPool""To monitor another web site, change the SITE_NAME below"To monitor another application pool, change the APP_POOL_NAME below"More thorough and application-specific health monitoring logic can be added to the script if needed Option Explicit DIM SITE_NAMEDIM APP_POOL_NAMEDim START_WEB_SITEDim START_APP_POOLDim SITES_SECTION_NAMEDim APPLICATION_POOLS_SECTION_NAMEDim CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOTDim STOP_WEB_SITE  "Note:"Replace this with the site and application pool you want to configure high availability for"Make sure that the same web site and application pool in the script exist on all cluster nodes. Note that the names are case-sensitive.SITE_NAME = "Default Web Site" "網站名稱APP_POOL_NAME = "DefaultAppPool" "應用程序池名 START_WEB_SITE = 0START_APP_POOL = 0STOP_WEB_SITE  = 1SITES_SECTION_NAME = "system.applicationHost/sites"APPLICATION_POOLS_SECTION_NAME = "system.applicationHost/applicationPools"CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT = "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST" "Helper script functions  "Find the index of the website on this nodeFunction FindSiteIndex(collection, siteName)     Dim i     FindSiteIndex = -1        For i = 0 To (CInt(collection.Count) - 1)If collection.Item(i).GetPropertyByName("name").Value = siteName Then    FindSiteIndex = i    Exit ForEnd If          Next End Function  "Find the index of the application pool on this nodeFunction FindAppPoolIndex(collection, appPoolName)     Dim i     FindAppPoolIndex = -1        For i = 0 To (CInt(collection.Count) - 1)If collection.Item(i).GetPropertyByName("name").Value = appPoolName Then    FindAppPoolIndex = i    Exit ForEnd If          Next End Function "Get the state of the websiteFunction GetWebSiteState(adminManager, siteName)     Dim sitesSection, sitesSectionCollection, siteSection, index, siteMethods, startMethod, executeMethod    Set sitesSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection(SITES_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)    Set sitesSectionCollection = sitesSection.Collection     index = FindSiteIndex(sitesSectionCollection, siteName)    If index = -1 ThenGetWebSiteState = -1    End If          Set siteSection = sitesSectionCollection(index)     GetWebSiteState = siteSection.GetPropertyByName("state").Value End Function "Get the state of the ApplicationPoolFunction GetAppPoolState(adminManager, appPool)     Dim configSection, index, appPoolState     set configSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection(APPLICATION_POOLS_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)    index = FindAppPoolIndex(configSection.Collection, appPool)     If index = -1 ThenGetAppPoolState = -1    End If          GetAppPoolState = configSection.Collection.Item(index).GetPropertyByName("state").ValueEnd Function  "Start the w3svc service on this nodeFunction StartW3SVC()     Dim objWmiProvider    Dim objService    Dim strServiceState    Dim response     "Check to see if the service is running    set objWmiProvider = GetObject("winmgmts:/root/cimv2")    set objService = objWmiProvider.get("win32_service="w3svc"")    strServiceState = objService.state     If ucase(strServiceState) = "RUNNING" ThenStartW3SVC = True    Else"If the service is not running, try to start itresponse = objService.StartService() "response = 0  or 10 indicates that the request to start was acceptedIf ( response <> 0 ) and ( response <> 10 ) Then    StartW3SVC = FalseElse    StartW3SVC = TrueEnd If    End If     End Function  "Start the application pool for the websiteFunction StartAppPool()     Dim ahwriter, appPoolsSection, appPoolsCollection, index, appPool, appPoolMethods, startMethod, callStartMethod    Set ahwriter = CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")     Set appPoolsSection = ahwriter.GetAdminSection(APPLICATION_POOLS_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)          Set appPoolsCollection = appPoolsSection.Collection     index = FindAppPoolIndex(appPoolsCollection, APP_POOL_NAME)    Set appPool = appPoolsCollection.Item(index)         "See if it is already started    If appPool.GetPropertyByName("state").Value = 1 ThenStartAppPool = TrueExit Function    End If     "Try To start the application pool    Set appPoolMethods = appPool.Methods    Set startMethod = appPoolMethods.Item(START_APP_POOL)    Set callStartMethod = startMethod.CreateInstance()    callStartMethod.Execute()         "If started return true, otherwise return false    If appPool.GetPropertyByName("state").Value = 1 ThenStartAppPool = True    ElseStartAppPool = False    End If End Function  "Start the websiteFunction StartWebSite()     Dim ahwriter, sitesSection, sitesSectionCollection, siteSection, index, siteMethods, startMethod, executeMethod    Set ahwriter = CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")    Set sitesSection = ahwriter.GetAdminSection(SITES_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)    Set sitesSectionCollection = sitesSection.Collection     index = FindSiteIndex(sitesSectionCollection, SITE_NAME)    Set siteSection = sitesSectionCollection(index)     if siteSection.GetPropertyByName("state").Value = 1 Then"Site is already startedStartWebSite = TrueExit Function    End If     "Try to start site    Set siteMethods = siteSection.Methods    Set startMethod = siteMethods.Item(START_WEB_SITE)    Set executeMethod = startMethod.CreateInstance()    executeMethod.Execute()     "Check to see if the site started, if not return false    If siteSection.GetPropertyByName("state").Value = 1 ThenStartWebSite = True    ElseStartWebSite = False    End If End Function  "Stop the websiteFunction StopWebSite()     Dim ahwriter, sitesSection, sitesSectionCollection, siteSection, index, siteMethods, startMethod, executeMethod, autoStartProperty    Set ahwriter = CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")    Set sitesSection = ahwriter.GetAdminSection(SITES_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)    Set sitesSectionCollection = sitesSection.Collection     index = FindSiteIndex(sitesSectionCollection, SITE_NAME)    Set siteSection = sitesSectionCollection(index)     "Stop the site    Set siteMethods = siteSection.Methods    Set startMethod = siteMethods.Item(STOP_WEB_SITE)    Set executeMethod = startMethod.CreateInstance()    executeMethod.Execute() End Function   "Cluster resource entry points. More details here:"http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa372846(VS.85).aspx "Cluster resource Online entry point"Make sure the website and the application pool are startedFunction Online( )     Dim bOnline    "Make sure w3svc is started    bOnline = StartW3SVC()     If bOnline <> True ThenResource.LogInformation "The resource failed to come online because w3svc could not be started."Online = FalseExit Function    End If      "Make sure the application pool is started    bOnline = StartAppPool()    If bOnline <> True ThenResource.LogInformation "The resource failed to come online because the application pool could not be started."Online = FalseExit Function    End If      "Make sure the website is started    bOnline = StartWebSite()    If bOnline <> True ThenResource.LogInformation "The resource failed to come online because the web site could not be started."Online = FalseExit Function    End If     Online = true End Function   "Cluster resource offline entry point"Stop the websiteFunction Offline( )     StopWebSite()    Offline = true End Function  "Cluster resource LooksAlive entry point"Check for the health of the website and the application poolFunction LooksAlive( )     Dim adminManager, appPoolState, configSection, i, appPoolName, appPool, index     i = 0    Set adminManager  = CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.AdminManager")    appPoolState = -1     "Get the state of the website    if GetWebSiteState(adminManager, SITE_NAME) <> 1 ThenResource.LogInformation "The resource failed because the " & SITE_NAME & " web site is not started."LooksAlive = falseExit Function    End If      "Get the state of the Application Pool     if GetAppPoolState(adminManager, APP_POOL_NAME) <> 1 Then Resource.LogInformation "The resource failed because Application Pool " & APP_POOL_NAME & " is not started." LooksAlive = false      Exit Function     end if      "  Web site and Application Pool state are valid return true     LooksAlive = trueEnd Function  "Cluster resource IsAlive entry point"Do the same health checks as LooksAlive"If a more thorough than what we do in LooksAlive is required, this should be performed hereFunction IsAlive()       IsAlive = LooksAlive End Function  "Cluster resource Open entry pointFunction Open()     Open = true End Function  "Cluster resource Close entry pointFunction Close()     Close = true End Function  "Cluster resource Terminate entry pointFunction Terminate()     Terminate = true End Function"<end script sample>

將文件復制到所有群集主機的相同目錄下 如：C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv主機A打開故障轉移群集管理器 連接到群集TEST

配置IIS故障轉移

此時我們在群集下角色列表里可以看到IIS故障轉移群集角色

查看一下WINC（192.168.0.26）主機的網卡情況

測試訪問http://192.168.0.99 -------- 可以打開

現在我們模擬WINC主機IIS網頁服務掛掉/端口無法訪問 打開WINC主機IIS管理器 展開網頁 停止默認網站

再次打開瀏覽器 打開http://192.168.0.99 ----- 依然可以打開

主機A上查看群集角色 已經自動切換到WINB提供web服務

查看WINB主機網卡信息 99IP已自動切換到WINB 我們打開的是WINB的網頁

同理 我們關閉WINB的IIS網站 99又會切換到WINA 訪問依然不受影響

至此 我們實現了 主機在非宕機情況下 IIS站點掛掉后切換主機提供服務的情況

注：

1、本測試中99IP對應的不是整個IIS服務 只是一個站點（默認站點）

2、用戶上傳的附件需要一個群集共用的存儲介質 目前還未解決 待完善

參考：

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