java基于mongodb實現分布式鎖的示例代碼

目錄原理 實現 使用 原理

通過線程安全findAndModify 實現鎖

實現

定義鎖存儲對象：

/** * mongodb 分布式鎖 */@Data@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructor@Document(collection = 'distributed-lock-doc')public class LockDocument { @Id private String id; private long expireAt; private String token;}

定義Lock API：

public interface LockService { String acquire(String key, long expiration); boolean release(String key, String token); boolean refresh(String key, String token, long expiration);}

獲取鎖：

@Override public String acquire(String key, long expiration) {Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where('_id').is(key));String token = this.generateToken();Update update = new Update() .setOnInsert('_id', key) .setOnInsert('expireAt', System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration) .setOnInsert('token', token);FindAndModifyOptions options = new FindAndModifyOptions().upsert(true) .returnNew(true);LockDocument doc = mongoTemplate.findAndModify(query, update, options, LockDocument.class);boolean locked = doc.getToken() != null && doc.getToken().equals(token);// 如果已過期if (!locked && doc.getExpireAt() < System.currentTimeMillis()) { DeleteResult deleted = this.mongoTemplate.remove(Query.query(Criteria.where('_id').is(key) .and('token').is(doc.getToken()) .and('expireAt').is(doc.getExpireAt())),LockDocument.class); if (deleted.getDeletedCount() >= 1) {// 成功釋放鎖， 再次嘗試獲取鎖return this.acquire(key, expiration); }}log.debug('Tried to acquire lock for key {} with token {} . Locked: {}', key, token, locked);return locked ? token : null; }

原理：

先嘗試upsert鎖對象，如果成功且token一致，說明拿到鎖 否則加鎖失敗 如果未拿到鎖，但是鎖已過期，嘗試刪除鎖 如果刪除成功，再次嘗試拿鎖如果失敗，說明鎖可能已經續期了

釋放和續期鎖：

@Override public boolean release(String key, String token) { Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where('_id').is(key) .and('token').is(token)); DeleteResult deleted = mongoTemplate.remove(query, LockDocument.class); boolean released = deleted.getDeletedCount() == 1; if (released) { log.debug('Remove query successfully affected 1 record for key {} with token {}', key, token); } else if (deleted.getDeletedCount() > 0) { log.error('Unexpected result from release for key {} with token {}, released {}', key, token, deleted); } else { log.error('Remove query did not affect any records for key {} with token {}', key, token); } return released; } @Override public boolean refresh(String key, String token, long expiration) { Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where('_id').is(key) .and('token').is(token)); Update update = Update.update('expireAt', System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration); UpdateResult updated = mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, LockDocument.class); final boolean refreshed = updated.getModifiedCount() == 1; if (refreshed) { log.debug('Refresh query successfully affected 1 record for key {} ' + 'with token {}', key, token); } else if (updated.getModifiedCount() > 0) { log.error('Unexpected result from refresh for key {} with token {}, ' + 'released {}', key, token, updated); } else { log.warn('Refresh query did not affect any records for key {} with token {}. ' + 'This is possible when refresh interval fires for the final time ' + 'after the lock has been released', key, token); } return refreshed; }使用

private LockService lockService;private void tryAcquireLockAndSchedule() {while (!this.stopSchedule) { // 嘗試拿鎖 this.token = this.lockService.acquire(SCHEDULER_LOCK, 20000); if (this.token != null) { // 拿到鎖 } else {// 等待LOCK_EXPIRATION, 再次嘗試Thread.sleep(LOCK_EXPIRATION); }} } 先嘗試拿鎖，如果獲取到token，說明拿鎖成功 否則可以sleep一段時間后再拿鎖

完整代碼，可到github查看 https://github.com/jadepeng/docker-pipeline/blob/main/pipeline-master/src/main/java/com/github/jadepeng/pipeline/service/impl/MongoLockService.java

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